http://dspace.cas.upm.edu.ph:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/265 Bachelor thesis of BA Organizational Communication students Fri, 29 May 2026 18:08:27 GMT 2026-05-29T18:08:27Z http://dspace.cas.upm.edu.ph:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/3729 Perceived Effects of Job Stress on Interpersonal Relations: A Case Study of the Government Service Insurance System—Manila Branch Chavez, Grace P. Today’s fast-paced and modern world require that individuals within an organization be adept in adjusting to the daily stresses in their jobs. Stress as a concept has become one of the most intriguing concerns for many organizations in the 80’s due to the serious effects that it reportedly brings. It has been commonly referred to as pressures, hassles, distress, and burn-out. Whatever names, they call it, stress has been believed to bring negative effects on an individual particularly with respect to his interpersonal relations with other members of the organization. Wester-based theories have categorized stress into two forms: constructive and destructive. However, stress itself is a subjective term, and as such depends on various factors such as an individual’s personality, his family, social and emotional background. Suffice it to say that stress is largely a matter of perception. What may be stressful to one my be relatively stress-free to another. Only it effects on a person determines whether they are considered positive or negative forms of stresses. The corporate world is constantly faced with stresses, both internal or external to the organization. This is largely due to the increased complexity of modern-day jobs as well as increased economic pressures on the individual. One of the factors that is likely to be affected by the levels of stress an individual experiences is his interpersonal relationships. It is a common notion that individuals while experiencing stress, often manifest poor or worsened interpersonal relations. In the Western context, stress is most oftenly referred in its negative form because it reportedly brings more destructive effects than it brings positive results. The researcher is face with the doubt that when the Western-based theories on stress are applied to the Filipino context, there would likely be differences with respect to the effects of stress to individuals as well as their responses to pressures. It is this objective to verify the perceived effects of stress on interpersonal relations which encouraged the researcher to give it substantial focus via this study. Since stress is basically foreign to most Filipinos with respect to the way they view their problems in their respective jobs, researches dealing with stress in relation to the interpersonal relations seem elusive. Apparently, this topic has not yet merited the attention of researchers on this field. It is for this reason that the researcher has undertaken on exploratory-descriptive method of research. The organization that the research chose as the subject of this study is the Government Service Insurance System – Manila Branch. As a governmental bureaucratic organization, they are always at grips with pressures and stresses since the organization functions directly with the public. Hence the employers in any government agency are usually considered as “public servants.” It is presumed by the researcher that having this consideration in mind, GSIS provides the perfect context for this case study on the effects of stress and interpersonal relations. Survey questionnaires were used by the researcher as a tool for gathering data in this study. A separate set of questionnaires were administered to the superiors and another to the subordinates in order to compare the effects of stress on the interpersonal relations of both levels. Based on the findings, it was evident that instead of expecting a worsened nature of the interpersonal relationships of the superior due to the degrees of job stress that they experience almost daily, it is surprising to find out that there was a notable perceived positive change in their interpersonal relationships. They have reportedly improved their other-orientedness towards their subordinates, fellow superiors as well as to their clients. Furthermore, the survey indicated improvements in themselves with respect to their qualities as superiors and managers. Meanwhile, the subordinates perceived no change in the nature of their relationships with others while they are undergoing stress. According to them, they have retained their good interpersonal relationships inspite of the pressures that they encounter in their respective jobs. The researcher therefore concluded that stress as a subjective term, may also function positively for individuals specifically for the superiors who more or less are conscious that stress is a part of their managerial jobs. Wed, 01 Jan 1992 00:00:00 GMT http://dspace.cas.upm.edu.ph:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/3729 1992-01-01T00:00:00Z http://dspace.cas.upm.edu.ph:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/3721 The Effects of Performance Appraisal on Interpersonal Relationships: A Case Study on the Members’ Assistance Division of the MAC-SSS, Diliman Bunao, Ma. Isabel Andrea D.C. When man sees himself in the mirror when he gets up in he morning, he evaluates the quality of his night’s sleep by the way his eyes look spritely or dull. When he gets to the breakfast table, he chooses between a toast, a bowl of cereals or a hearty meal of rice and sausage, evaluating the degree of the hunger pangs felt. When he drives off to work, he makes a mental order of how he will go about his office day based on recall cues of yesterday’s work outcome. The minute he steps in his office, he scans the work environment for surface cues that the work day has indeed began: Is the secretary about her work or is she still in the washroom fixing her hair? Is the clerk dutifully typing the report I sent him or is he still busy with the other guys discussing last night's games? Does the boos’s silence mean I messed up in yesterday's meeting? Is the rumor of palakasan system true or a myth created by disgruntled, sourgraping employees? People evaluate things they hear, see, feel, taste and do. These perceptions of people are based on personal constructs and are critical to maintenance, enhancement and damage of interpersonal relationships. The basic proposition in this study is that the appraisal process was generally acceptable to employees but was acknowledged to create interpersonal supervisor-subordinates strains and interpersonal strains among peers. The study determined how exactly was interpersonal relationships positively or negatively affected by performance appraisal through the administration of questionnaires to (population sample of available employees for questioning) as well as an interview of one supervisory personnel. How employees viewed the legitimacy or validity of one’s performance appraisal were derived from the attitude/views expressed by the respondents’ on variables of inquiry: performance appraisal itself and interpersonal relationships. At least ten variables affecting performance appraisal and interpersonal relationships were identified. From data gathered, employees shared common agreement on the importance of performance appraisal to the organization and to one’s self. Employees likewise shared a great degree of common need to be adequately provided feedback and were disheartened with the present feedback system. It was found out in the study that employees would normally forego confrontational meetings with the agent of the appraisal process (the evaluator) but remedied the situation with subtlety. Manifestations ranged from venting discomfort to superiors and peers (nagpaparinig ng hindi Maganda), customers and the job itself (nagtatamad). Organizational Communications is concerned with performance appraisal because the appraisal system is a rich source of information on how a particular organization takes his: (1) organizational goals and missions seriously; (2) employees’ needs seriously. The theories in the field of organizational communications show how the organization communicates both. Sun, 01 Jan 1995 00:00:00 GMT http://dspace.cas.upm.edu.ph:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/3721 1995-01-01T00:00:00Z http://dspace.cas.upm.edu.ph:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/3713 Networking as a Crisis Management Approach to the Cholera Outbreak in Paco and San Andres Bukid in September 1996 de la Pena, Gay C. The study seeks to find out how the use of networking facilitated the successful resolution of the cholera outbreak that occurred in Paco and San Andres Bukid, Manila in September 1996. It describes the control measures undertaken by the agencies concerned and determines how their crisis response involved the use of the networking process. The essential characteristics of the network are described in terms of its participants, their specific roles and functions, the structure of the network, and the channels of communication used. It also examines which of the crisis management principles recommended by noted public relation practitioners and crisis experts were applied by the network participants. Research data are based on focused interviews with key informants who were selected through the use of a referral system. These informants were referred by the top management of their respective organizations on the basis of their technical expertise in their field, their particular role and involvement in the cholera outbreak, and their participation in the formation of a crisis network to address the outbreak. Research findings reveal that the entities which actively participated in the networking process were: the City Government of Manila, the Department of Health, Metropolitan Waterworks and Sewerage System, and Ospital ng Maynila. They had clearly defined roles and functions in the network, which were directed at simultaneously addressing different aspects of the crisis. The networking process was used by these organizations to share information, expertise, physical resources, and decision-making. Communication in the network was mostly done through face-to-face or interpersonal communication, although written and machine-assisted communication was occasionally used. Research data also indicate that the network adhered to some established principles of crisis management. The study concludes that networking facilitated the successful resolution of the cholera crisis by: (1) increasing the accuracy of information; (2) easing and hastening the flow of communication and the delivery of programs; (3) encouraging the maximization of available resources; and ( 4) providing a cross-disciplinary approach to crisis management. Sat, 01 Mar 1997 00:00:00 GMT http://dspace.cas.upm.edu.ph:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/3713 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z http://dspace.cas.upm.edu.ph:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/3710 A Study on Ethical Conformity and Its Effects on the Interpersonal Relationship Among Doctors of Ospital ng Maynila Medical Center Nemis, Annie Rose S. "Doctors are members of one of the most noble of all professions. But the value of its contribution to mankind simply reflects the self-sacrificing work of its members; and the respect with which the great profession is held in society, is dependent upon the conduct of the individual members." (Solis 184) It is obvious that the medical profession has an obligation to conduct its activities according to sound ethical ideals. The doctors then have a personal responsibility in this matter toward the profession. They elevate and preserve the moral standards of their profession by applying them in their own personal careers, as well as by the example and inspiration which they thereby give to their co-workers. One of the doctor's professional responsibilities is to willingly render gratuitous service to a colleague, to his wife or her husband, and his minor children. Even his father or mother may be included provided they are aged and are being supported by the colleague. It is stated in the Medical Code of Ethics that a member of the medical community can avail and at the same time provide free counseling for a co-doctor. This is because experience teaches that it is unwise for a doctor to treat members of his own family or himself, so what he does is seek for a colleague's assistance. Thus, a physician should always cheerfully and gratuitously respond with his professional services to the call of any colleague. This research entitled, "A Study of Ethical Conformity and Its Effects on the Interpersonal Relationship Among Doctors" seeks to find out as its sub-problems: a) the primary factors that affect a doctor's conformity/non-conformity to the Gratuitous Law, and b) the perceptions of the doctors on the concept of conformity to the law. Concerns about ethical wrongdoing are epidemic today. In the medical profession, more and more doctors are being drawn into the lure of money and consequently, twenty (20) percent of the paper's respondents have been found guilty. One of the aspects that is likely to be affected by conformity or non-conformity is his interpersonal relationships. The organization that the researcher chose as the subject of this study, is the Ospital ng Maynila Medical Center. As a non-profit, government general hospital, the employed doctors are usually considered tight when it comes to money matters, thus are more susceptible to non-conformity to the Gratuitous Law, which involves professional fees. It is presumed by the researcher, that having this consideration in mind, Ospital ng Maynila provides the perfect context for this case study. The researcher employed a descriptive design to obtain the specific information as to exactly how the doctors' IPR is affected by conformity. A survey questionnaire, and an ethnographic interview schedule were deemed necessary to the data-gathering. From the data gathered, it was evident that instead 9f the expected noticeable effects on IPR due to non-conformity, there-were no traces of effects whatsoever in their relationships. The respondents maintained that non-compliance to the ethical law affected the natures of IPR, IPC and the communication climate 011/yoccasionally. These areas arc: sharing a common field of experience; establishment of boundaries/limits; maintenance of a supportive climate; acceptance of responsibility for misunderstandings; meeting on a regular person-to-person basis; empathy; and respecting each others' worth. Hence, there is absence of a clear proof that nonconformity to the Gratuitous Law docs affect the relationships of doctors. Meanwhile, it was the conformists who perceived fairly noticeable improved effects in the nature of their relationships with others, as a result of their adherence to the ethical law. Among the areas frequently affected were: the establishment of boundaries/limits; positive regard for each other; exhibiting trustful behavior; genuineness and empathy; and finally, having mutual respect. Based on all these, the researcher concludes that conformity has positive/improved effects on the interpersonal relationships, as perceived by the Ospital ng Maynila Medical Center physicians. This study therefore confirms the claim of experts and researchers that ethical conformity enhances interpersonal relationships in an organizational setting. Wed, 01 Jan 1997 00:00:00 GMT http://dspace.cas.upm.edu.ph:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/3710 1997-01-01T00:00:00Z