Abstract:
What informs the link between social media activism and offline activism through offline
protest participation? This study represents an attempt to address this gap in the literature by
focusing on students’ subjective experiences and narratives about the #NoToMarcosDuterte2022
movement, a digitally-mediated social movement that was enabled by the use of social media
platforms during the campaign period for the 2022 national elections. Concerned Filipino college
students and representatives of numerous civil society groups organized the aforementioned
movement through online discourse and offline mobilizations. Data on students’ experiences of
involvement in both online and offline modes of participation for the movement were collected
and analyzed thematically. The results suggest that offline activism complements social media
activism by serving as a forum for physical dissent that helps social movement supporters to
overcome the perceived insufficiency of online collective action on social media platforms. Such
complementarity is described by the experiential interplays between social media engagement
and motives for offline protest participation.
