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Despite international criticism for female genital mutilation (FGM), Tausug women in the Philippines continue to practice and value a localized form referred to as Pag-Islam/Pag-Sunnat. This study tackles the politics of meaning making in the context of Pag-Islam/Pag-Sunnat by defining and describing the power Tausug women hold in making positive or negative meanings for the practice. This study aims to propose an alternative view on Pag-Islam/Pag-Sunnat as a variant of FGM by asking whether it could be seen as an activity of empowerment rather than a patriarchal imposition. By analyzing interviews on the meaning-making process of the practice for Tausug Muslim Mothers in Maharlika Village Taguig City, the study will attempt to verify the universality or non-universality of Western views on FGM as female subjugation, and may be able to provide a more inclusive definition of empowerment and a more holistic understanding of the struggles and stories of non-Western women’s empowerment, and possibly even resistance, from their own point of view. |
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