A Systematic Classification of Ectoparasite Infestation on Birds, Mammals and Reptiles at Manila Zoo, Philippines (December 2009)

Abstract

A taxonomic survey of ectoparasites present among birds, mammals and reptiles was conducted at Manila Zoo, Philippines from December 5 - 12, 2009. A total of 35 animals comprised of 13 species of birds, 9 species of mammals and 3 species of reptiles were examined for presence of lice, ticks, mites and other probable ectoparasites. Collected parasites were then microscopically viewed and identified up to the species level. A total of 241 ectoparasites (237 lice, 3 mites and 1 tick) were recorded, majority of which were obtained from avian hosts. Most common ectoparasite infesting birds and mammals were lice Menacanthus stramineus (68%) and Goniocotes gallinae (47%) respectively, while no ectoparasite was collected from reptilian subjects. This survey produced the first comprehensive list of ectoparasites present in the zoological area, thus providing the management with reliable information on appropriate measures that should be conducted to address the veterinary issue.