K-pop Fandom Groups in Action: Exploring the Influence of Organizational Culture onCivic Engagement

Abstract

K-pop fandoms have long demonstrated organizational characteristics, particularly through their expansion of fan activities to include initiatives aimed at fostering social change. As fandoms have gradually developed into organized groups and civil entities, this study examines the role of organizational culture within K-pop fandom groups in shaping the civic engagement of its members. Using an exploratory qualitative research design, the study applied Schein’s (2010) Organizational Culture Model and Cameron and Quinn’s (2011) Competing Values Model to identify the cultural layers and typologies present within K-pop fandoms and explore how these elements influence fans’ civic practices. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with ten (10) Filipino K-pop fans, and key themes were identified using phenomenological data analysis. The study revealed that K-pop fandoms exhibit characteristics of both clan and market cultures, with fans commonly engaging in volunteerism and philanthropy, political participation, and activism. A collective sense of responsibility and belonging within clan-oriented culture motivated participants to engage in civic initiatives, while those in market-oriented culture drive civic engagement as a strategic effort to enhance the fandom’s reputation and demonstrate their commitment in supporting idols. The findings underscore how the type of organizational culture shapes members’ civic engagement and empowers fandoms as active civic actors, providing a nuanced understanding that contributes to the study of the complex and decentralized nature of organizations and the participatory behaviors of fandom communities.