Attitudes of Gen Z University of the Philippines (UP) Students Towards the Concept of 'Utang na Loob' in Parent-Child Relationships

Abstract

This study explores the perceptions and attitudes of Generation Z (Gen Z) students from the University of the Philippines (UP) towards the Filipino value of utang na loob within parent-child relationships. Recognizing utang na loob as a complex Filipino value rooted in gratitude, reciprocity, and obligation, this research investigates how it is understood and defined by individuals influenced by Gen Z and UP cultures. Utilizing a phenomenological approach, in-depth interviews were conducted with 24 students from UP constituent universities in Luzon (UP Diliman, UP Manila, UP Baguio, and UP Los Baños) to examine their lived experiences, family dynamics, and interpretations of utang na loob. Guided by Sikolohiyang Pilipino, Bagong Kasaysayan (Pantayong Pananaw), social constructionism, and symbolic interactionism as frameworks, the study reveals that while utang na loob remains an important value, Gen Z students increasingly frame it as a context-dependent, self-imposed moral duty rather than a rigid cultural obligation. Participants expressed both appreciation for and critical views of utang na loob, often emphasizing autonomy, emotional sincerity, and the importance of mutual respect. Influences from UP’s emphasis on social responsibility and critical thinking further shaped their interpretations. The findings contribute to ongoing discourse on evolving Filipino values and offer insights for educators, parents, and scholars interested in cultural norms in the Philippines.